CARD №1
The noun as a class of words. The category of number

The noun is the main nominative part of speech, effecting nomination of the fullest value within the framework of the notional division of the lexicon. It has the categorial meaning of substance, and the power to isolate different properties of substances (direct and oblique qualities, and, also, actions and states as processual characteristics of substantive phenomena) and present them as corresponding self-dependent substances. E.g.:
Her words were unexpectedly bitter. – We were struck by the unexpected bitterness of her words.
The categorial functional properties of the noun are determined by its semantic properties.
The most characteristic substantive function of the noun is that of the subject in the sentence. The function of the object in the sentence is also typical of the noun as the substance word. The noun essentially differs from the other parts of speech with similar sentential positions. E.g.:
Mary is a flower-girl. The flower-girl is Mary. He lives in Glasgow. Glasgow is his place of residence.
The noun is characterized by some special types of combinability: prepositional and casal (possessive).
E.g.: an entrance to the house; to turn round the corner; red in the face – prep. combinability; the speech of the president – the president’s speech – the casal combinability.
As a part of speech, the noun is also characterized by a set of formal features determining its specific status in nomination. It has its word-build ... Читать дальше »